对于普通人，首先要区分抑郁症和情绪低落。

每个人都可能会时不时的情绪低落，跟伴侣发生了争吵，失业，有的时候阴天下雨都会让人不开心。它可能会来的毫无理由，但是环境一变，低落的情绪也就消失了。

而抑郁症的持续时间至少是两周，它不会因为你想消失就消失。不仅仅是情绪的变化，生理也会伴随着变化，甚至会严重影响到正常的生活和工作。

抑郁症的症状

如果有如下的5个以上的表现，并且持续了至少两周，你就需要找一下本地的精神科医院进行检查。

请特别注意：只有具备精神医疗资质机构才能确诊心理疾病。心理咨询机构可以参与治疗，但是确诊只有精神医疗资质机构，绝大部分为公立精神医院。

a，情绪低落。

b，对你平时感兴趣的事物没了兴趣。

c，没胃口/或暴饮暴食。

d，觉得自我没有价值。

e，过度的自责/愧疚。

d，失眠/嗜睡。

f，无法集中注意力。

g，反应迟钝。

h，没有精神/力气

i，有自残/自杀的想法。

确诊抑郁时，如上的症状必须要严重影响日常的生活，并且需排除其他药物造成。

抑郁的DSM-5(精神障碍诊断和统计手册.第五版)诊断标准：

The DSM-5 outlines the following criterion to make a diagnosis of depression. The individual must be experiencing five or more symptoms during the same 2-week period and at least one of the symptoms should be either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.

1. Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day.

2. Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities most of the day, nearly every day.

3. Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain, or decrease or increase in appetite nearly every day.

4. A slowing down of thought and a reduction of physical movement (observable by others, not merely subjective feelings of restlessness or being slowed down).

5. Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day.

6. Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt nearly every day.

7. Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day.

8. Recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan for committing suicide.

To receive a diagnosis of depression, these symptoms must cause the individual clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. The symptoms must also not be a result of substance abuse or another medical condition.

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